A property portfolio is only as strong as the hands that manage it. One missed compliance deadline, one under-let unit, one slow arrears process, and the returns you modelled on paper quietly disappear. That is the risk every UK landlord, investor, and fund carries the moment their holdings grow past a handful of doors.
The right property portfolio management service removes that risk. It keeps assets compliant, tenants retained, rent collected on time, and every property working at its full income potential. For investors scaling across regions and asset classes, professional management is the difference between a portfolio that grows and one that stalls.
This guide ranks the top 10 property portfolio management services in the UK for 2026. Each firm is assessed on service depth, reporting quality, compliance handling, pricing structure, and the type of investor it serves best. Whether you hold three buy-to-lets or a mixed-use portfolio worth tens of millions, there is a management partner here built for your scale.
Read on to find the firm that protects your assets and grows your returns.
The Shortlist That Protects Your Assets
Ten firms made the 2026 ranking. Here they are in order:
- Pearl Lemon Properties: best for investor-focused sourcing plus hands-on portfolio management
- Savills: best for large, mixed-asset national portfolios
- Knight Frank: best for prime and ultra-prime residential holdings
- CBRE: best for institutional commercial portfolios
- JLL: best for corporate occupiers and global reporting
- Cushman & Wakefield: best for multi-site commercial estates
- Colliers: best for growth-focused commercial investors
- Foxtons: best for London residential portfolios
- Hunters: best for regional residential landlords
- Winkworth: best for local-market residential management
Each entry below breaks down the firm, its founding details, service model, standout features, pricing, and the investor it fits.
Portfolio Management, Defined for Serious Investors
Property portfolio management is the professional oversight of a group of property assets on behalf of an owner or investor. It covers everything a single-property service does, then adds the coordination, reporting, and financial control that multiple holdings demand.
A portfolio manager typically handles:
- Tenant management across every unit, including sourcing, referencing, and retention
- Rent collection and arrears control, with clear escalation processes
- Maintenance and repairs, coordinated through vetted contractors
- Regulatory compliance, from gas and electrical safety to licensing and fire regulations
- Financial reporting, consolidating income, costs, and yield across the whole portfolio
- Asset performance reviews, flagging under-performing units and reinvestment opportunities
The value is consolidation. Instead of chasing ten agents across ten properties, an investor gets one accountable partner, one reporting line, and one view of the entire portfolio’s performance.
The Mark of a Management Partner Worth Paying For
Not every firm that offers portfolio management delivers it well. The gap between a good partner and a costly one shows in five areas.
Reporting clarity. You should see income, costs, arrears, and yield across the portfolio in one consolidated report, not ten separate statements you stitch together yourself.
Compliance rigour. Safety certificates, licensing, and regulatory deadlines should be tracked automatically, with the manager owning the risk rather than passing it back to you.
Arrears performance. Ask any firm for its average arrears rate. Under 5% signals tight rent control. Anything higher signals a process problem.
Pricing transparency. Percentage-of-rent, fixed-fee, and hybrid models all exist. A firm that explains its full fee schedule up front, including add-ons, respects your margins.
Scalability. The right partner absorbs new acquisitions without a jump in your workload. If growth means more admin for you, the service is not doing its job.
A firm that scores well on all five is worth the fee. One that stumbles on arrears or compliance costs you far more than it saves.
Scoring the Field for 2026
This ranking is not a popularity contest. Each firm was assessed against four weighted criteria, then matched to the type of investor it serves best.
- Service depth. The range of the offer, from tenant management and maintenance to compliance, financial reporting, and asset performance reviews across a full portfolio.
- Reporting quality. How clearly a firm consolidates income, costs, arrears, and yield into a single view an owner can act on.
- Pricing structure. Whether fees are transparent, and whether the model suits the portfolio size the firm actually targets.
- Investor fit. The scale and asset class each firm handles best, so a small residential landlord and a national fund each find the right match.
No single firm wins on every measure. A global commercial specialist that excels for a REIT is the wrong choice for a landlord with four flats in one city. The point of this list is fit, not a universal number one.
That is also why Pearl Lemon Properties leads. It is the one firm here that pairs investor-focused sourcing with hands-on management, serving growth-minded investors that the larger institutional players are not structured to prioritise. For the reader building a portfolio, fit points clearly in one direction.
Ten Firms at a Glance
| Rank | Firm | Founded | Best For | Typical Pricing Model |
| 1 | Pearl Lemon Properties | 2016 | Sourcing + hands-on management | Retainer / % of rent |
| 2 | Savills | 1855 | Large mixed-asset portfolios | % of rent + minimum fees |
| 3 | Knight Frank | 1896 | Prime residential | Premium % of rent |
| 4 | CBRE | 1906 | Institutional commercial | % of rent, min per asset |
| 5 | JLL | 1999 (merger) | Corporate occupiers | Custom portfolio fee |
| 6 | Cushman & Wakefield | 1917 | Multi-site commercial | Fee per asset per year |
| 7 | Colliers | 1976 | Growth commercial investors | Custom proposal |
| 8 | Foxtons | 1981 | London residential | % of rent + VAT |
| 9 | Hunters | 1992 | Regional residential | % of rent |
| 10 | Winkworth | 1835 | Local-market residential | % of rent |
Pricing figures throughout this guide are indicative market ranges. Exact fees depend on portfolio size, asset class, and service level, and should be confirmed directly with each firm.
The Definitive Top 10 for 2026
1. Pearl Lemon Properties
Pearl Lemon Properties sits at the top of this list for one reason: it combines property sourcing with active portfolio management under a single roof. For investors building a portfolio rather than just holding one, that combination is rare and valuable.
The firm works with UK-based and international investors, helping them find high-yield opportunities, secure off-market deals, and then manage those assets for the long term.
Firm Fast Facts
| Detail | Information |
| Founder | Deepak Shukla |
| Established | 2016 (Pearl Lemon Group) |
| Headquarters | London, UK |
| Team size | Multi-division group, approx. 40+ specialists |
| Focus | Sourcing, yield analysis, portfolio management |
Service in Action
Pearl Lemon Properties runs a full investor cycle. It begins with sourcing, identifying rental properties that match a client’s yield and growth targets, often including off-market deals other investors never see.
Once a property is acquired, the firm takes over management: tenant placement, maintenance coordination, legal compliance, and ongoing performance tracking.
The result is one partner across the whole journey, from purchase to profit, with detailed reporting at every stage.
Yield-Led Sourcing
Every recommendation starts with the numbers. The team screens properties against rental yield, capital growth potential, and local demand before it puts anything in front of a client. Investors get options that fit their financial goals rather than a generic listing feed.
Off-Market Access
Strong market connections give Pearl Lemon Properties access to deals that never reach public portals. For investors chasing better entry prices and less competition, this pipeline is a direct advantage.
Transparent Portfolio Reporting
Clients receive clear financial breakdowns showing income, costs, and performance across every property they hold. There is no guessing about where a portfolio stands, and no chasing scattered statements.
Pros and Cons
| Pros | Cons |
| Sourcing and management combined | Smaller UK footprint than global firms |
| Off-market deal access | Best suited to growth-focused investors |
| Investor-first, yield-led approach | Not a fit for pure institutional mandates |
| Clear consolidated reporting |
Pricing at a Glance
| Service | Indicative Fee |
| Full portfolio management | From approx. 8% of rent |
| Portfolio retainer | From approx. £250 / month |
| Property sourcing | Project-based, quoted per deal |
Pearl Lemon Properties prices around service level and portfolio size, with retainer and percentage options built to protect investor margins.
Best Fit For
Investors who want to grow a portfolio, not just maintain one, and value a single accountable partner from sourcing through to ongoing management.
Book a consultation with Pearl Lemon Properties to map your portfolio’s growth potential and management needs.
2. Savills
Savills is one of the most established names in UK real estate, and its property management division carries that reputation into large, complex portfolios. For investors holding a mix of residential, commercial, and mixed-use assets nationally, few firms match its depth.
The firm pairs management with valuation, advisory, and research, giving clients a full picture of asset performance.
Firm Fast Facts
| Detail | Information |
| Founder | Alfred Savill |
| Established | 1855 |
| Headquarters | London, UK |
| Team size | Approx. 40,000 across 700+ offices |
| Focus | Mixed-asset national portfolios |
Service in Action
Savills manages residential, commercial, and mixed-use assets through dedicated teams. It handles daily operations, service charge administration, compliance, and long-term asset planning.
For larger or more complex holdings, the firm brings a depth of in-house expertise that smaller agencies cannot match, backed by its own market research.
Full-Service Coverage
Leasing, maintenance, valuation, and advisory sit under one roof. Investors with varied assets get consistent handling across every property type.
Research-Backed Decisions
Savills runs its own market research, feeding real market data into management and reinvestment decisions rather than relying on general assumptions.
Complex Portfolio Handling
The firm has a long record of managing large-scale and multi-asset portfolios, making it a safe choice for high-value holdings that demand experienced oversight.
Pros and Cons
| Pros | Cons |
| Deep expertise across asset classes | Premium pricing |
| Strong research and advisory | Minimum fees limit small-portfolio fit |
| National and international reach | Less personal than boutique firms |
Pricing at a Glance
| Service | Indicative Fee |
| Residential management | Approx. 10–15% of rent |
| Commercial management | Custom quote, minimum fees apply |
| Advisory / valuation | Quoted per engagement |
Best Fit For
Investors and funds with large, mixed-asset portfolios who want experienced national management backed by in-house research.
3. Knight Frank
Knight Frank is the name investors reach for when the assets are prime. Its management division focuses on high-end residential and premium commercial property, where brand, tenant quality, and building condition matter as much as yield.
For owners of prime holdings, the firm protects both value and reputation.
Firm Fast Facts
| Detail | Information |
| Founders | John Knight, Howard Frank, William Rutley |
| Established | 1896 |
| Headquarters | London, UK |
| Team size | Approx. 20,000+ across 488 offices |
| Focus | Prime and ultra-prime residential |
Service in Action
Knight Frank manages premium assets with a focus on presentation, tenant quality, and long-term value protection. Its teams handle high-value residential portfolios and prime commercial space with the discretion those clients expect.
The firm connects owners with a high-calibre tenant pool and manages every property to a standard that preserves its market position.
Prime Market Specialism
Few firms understand the top of the market as well. Knight Frank’s focus on prime property means owners get management calibrated to premium expectations.
Quality Tenant Sourcing
Access to an international, high-net-worth client base helps place quality tenants quickly, protecting income and reducing void periods on prime units.
Value Protection
Management decisions centre on preserving asset value and reputation, from building condition to tenant profile, which matters most on high-value holdings.
Pros and Cons
| Pros | Cons |
| Prime market leader | Premium fees |
| High-quality tenant network | Focused on high-value assets |
| Strong value protection | Less suited to standard buy-to-lets |
Pricing at a Glance
| Service | Indicative Fee |
| Prime residential management | Approx. 12–17% of rent |
| Commercial management | Custom quote |
Best Fit For
Owners of prime and ultra-prime residential portfolios who need management that protects both value and reputation.
4. CBRE
CBRE is the world’s largest commercial real estate services firm, and its property management arm handles some of the UK’s most significant institutional portfolios. For funds, REITs, and large corporate owners, it operates at a scale few competitors reach.
The firm pairs management with technology platforms and sustainability reporting that institutional owners increasingly require.
Firm Fast Facts
| Detail | Information |
| Founder | Colbert Coldwell (as Coldwell Banker) |
| Established | 1906 |
| Headquarters | Dallas, USA (major UK presence) |
| Team size | Approx. 130,000 globally |
| Focus | Institutional commercial portfolios |
Service in Action
CBRE delivers end-to-end commercial property management, from lease administration and facilities coordination to compliance and sustainability reporting.
Its scale supports bulk purchasing on facilities services, and its technology platforms give institutional owners the reporting granularity their stakeholders demand.
Institutional-Grade Reporting
CBRE’s reporting is built for funds and REITs, with the depth of financial and performance data that institutional investors and their boards require.
Scale Efficiencies
Its size allows bulk purchasing on facilities and maintenance services, passing cost savings to owners with large or multi-site portfolios.
Sustainability and ESG Support
Net-zero roadmaps and sustainability reporting are built into the service, meeting the growing compliance demands placed on institutional property owners.
Pros and Cons
| Pros | Cons |
| Largest commercial platform | Premium pricing, minimum fees |
| Strong ESG and reporting | Standardised for smaller clients |
| Scale cost savings | Not suited to small landlords |
Pricing at a Glance
| Service | Indicative Fee |
| Commercial management | Approx. 6–10% of rent |
| Minimum per asset | From approx. £15,000–£25,000 / year |
Best Fit For
Institutional investors, funds, and REITs with large commercial portfolios that need scale, reporting depth, and ESG support.
5. JLL
JLL is a global real estate services firm with a strong UK commercial management practice. Its strength lies in corporate occupier services and global reporting, making it a natural fit for businesses and investors operating across borders.
The firm blends property management with investment advisory and finance expertise.
Firm Fast Facts
| Detail | Information |
| Formed | 1999 (Jones Lang Wootton, est. 1783, and LaSalle Partners) |
| Headquarters | Chicago, USA (major UK presence) |
| Team size | Approx. 100,000+ globally |
| Focus | Corporate occupiers, global portfolios |
Service in Action
JLL provides a full spectrum of real estate services, from property management to investment advisory. Its teams manage commercial assets while advising owners on performance, financing, and long-term positioning.
For clients with international holdings, JLL’s global reporting brings every market into one consistent view.
Global Reporting Consistency
International owners get consolidated reporting across markets, so a portfolio spanning several countries reads as one coherent picture.
Advisory Integration
Management sits alongside investment advisory and finance expertise, helping owners connect day-to-day operations to bigger financial decisions.
Corporate Occupier Focus
JLL is built to serve corporate occupiers, handling the space, compliance, and reporting needs of businesses that treat property as an operational asset.
Pros and Cons
| Pros | Cons |
| Strong global reporting | Institutional focus |
| Advisory and finance expertise | Less suited to small residential |
| Corporate occupier strength | Premium pricing |
Pricing at a Glance
| Service | Indicative Fee |
| Commercial management | Custom portfolio fee |
| Advisory | Quoted per engagement |
Best Fit For
Corporate occupiers and investors with international portfolios who need consistent global reporting and integrated advisory.
6. Cushman & Wakefield
Cushman & Wakefield built its name on property management more than a century ago, and it remains a leading choice for multi-site commercial estates. Its heritage in scientific, disciplined management still shapes the service today.
The firm manages millions of square feet of commercial space and supports owners with proprietary technology and ESG reporting.
Firm Fast Facts
| Detail | Information |
| Founders | J. Clydesdale Cushman, Bernard Wakefield |
| Established | 1917 |
| Headquarters | Chicago, USA (major UK presence) |
| Team size | Approx. 52,000 across 60 countries |
| Focus | Multi-site commercial estates |
Service in Action
Cushman & Wakefield manages large commercial estates across office, retail, and industrial space. Its teams handle facilities, compliance, service charges, and reporting at scale.
The firm layers in ESG reporting and proprietary technology platforms, giving owners of large estates the control and visibility they need.
Estate-Scale Management
Managing millions of square feet globally, the firm is built for owners with large, multi-site commercial estates that demand consistent handling.
ESG and Net-Zero Reporting
Sustainability roadmaps and net-zero reporting come as standard, helping owners meet tightening regulatory and stakeholder expectations.
Technology Platforms
Proprietary platforms give owners real-time visibility across the estate, from performance data to compliance status.
Pros and Cons
| Pros | Cons |
| Deep management heritage | Premium pricing |
| Strong ESG reporting | Focused on large estates |
| Proprietary technology | Not for small portfolios |
Pricing at a Glance
| Service | Indicative Fee |
| Per asset management | From approx. £20,000 / year |
| Large portfolios | Economies of scale apply |
Best Fit For
Corporate occupiers and institutional owners with large, multi-site commercial estates needing ESG reporting and technology-led oversight.
7. Colliers
Colliers is a leading diversified real estate firm with a growth-focused culture. Its property management service suits commercial investors who want their assets actively positioned for performance rather than simply maintained.
The firm operates across office, industrial, and retail sectors, with investment management capability alongside.
Firm Fast Facts
| Detail | Information |
| Established | 1976 (modern form) |
| Headquarters | Toronto, Canada (major UK presence) |
| Team size | Approx. 18,000+ across 60+ countries |
| Focus | Growth-focused commercial investors |
Service in Action
Colliers manages commercial portfolios with an eye on performance. Its teams handle tenant relations, lease agreements, maintenance, and compliance while advising owners on how to position assets for stronger returns.
The firm’s experience with large investors makes it a solid choice for complex commercial holdings.
Performance Positioning
Colliers pairs day-to-day management with advice on lease structuring and asset positioning, aiming to lift portfolio performance over time.
Sector Breadth
Coverage across office, industrial, and retail lets investors keep varied commercial assets under one management relationship.
Investment Management Capability
Alongside management, the firm offers investment management, useful for owners who want operational and financial oversight from the same partner.
Pros and Cons
| Pros | Cons |
| Growth-focused approach | Commercial focus |
| Broad sector coverage | Standardised smaller-client packages |
| Investment management option | Premium pricing |
Pricing at a Glance
| Service | Indicative Fee |
| Commercial management | Custom proposal |
| Larger portfolios | Typically £5M+ portfolio value |
Best Fit For
Commercial investors focused on growth who want assets actively positioned for performance, not just maintained.
8. Foxtons
Foxtons is one of London’s most recognisable property names, with a dedicated management division built around the capital’s residential market. For landlords whose portfolios sit mainly in London flats and houses, its local coverage is hard to beat.
The firm handles rent collection, compliance, and round-the-clock maintenance across the capital.
Firm Fast Facts
| Detail | Information |
| Founder | Jon Hunt |
| Established | 1981 |
| Headquarters | London, UK |
| Team size | Approx. 1,000+ |
| Focus | London residential portfolios |
Service in Action
Foxtons manages residential portfolios across London, covering tenant sourcing, rent collection, legal compliance, and maintenance.
Its dedicated property managers keep each unit looked after, with 24/7 maintenance support giving landlords confidence that issues are handled fast.
London Market Depth
An extensive London branch network and market knowledge help place tenants quickly and keep void periods short across the capital.
24/7 Maintenance
Round-the-clock maintenance support means problems get handled promptly, protecting both tenants and the condition of each property.
Compliance Handling
The firm manages the regulatory side of London letting, keeping certificates and legal obligations current so landlords carry less risk.
Pros and Cons
| Pros | Cons |
| Strong London coverage | London-centric |
| 24/7 maintenance | Higher fees than some rivals |
| Fast tenant placement | Less suited to national portfolios |
Pricing at a Glance
| Service | Indicative Fee |
| Full management | Approx. 11–12.5% of rent + VAT |
Best Fit For
Landlords with residential portfolios concentrated in London who want strong local coverage and responsive maintenance.
9. Hunters
Hunters is a well-known UK residential name with a wide branch network reaching well beyond the capital. For landlords with regional portfolios, its local presence across the country is a clear strength.
Now part of a larger property group, Hunters combines branch-level service with the backing of national scale.
Firm Fast Facts
| Detail | Information |
| Founders | Kevin Hollinrake, John Waterhouse |
| Established | 1992 |
| Headquarters | UK (national network) |
| Team size | Large multi-branch network |
| Focus | Regional residential landlords |
Service in Action
Hunters manages residential portfolios through a national branch network, handling tenant sourcing, rent collection, maintenance, and legal compliance.
Local branch teams give landlords market knowledge in their specific area, while the wider group provides consistency and scale across regions.
National Branch Network
Coverage across the UK means landlords with properties in several regions can keep them under one management relationship with local teams on the ground.
Steady Income Management
The firm focuses on keeping rental income reliable, handling arrears, void periods, and tenant retention across the portfolio.
Local Market Knowledge
Branch-level teams understand their local rental markets, helping set the right rents and place suitable tenants faster.
Pros and Cons
| Pros | Cons |
| Wide regional coverage | Service varies by branch |
| Local market knowledge | Less prime-market focus |
| National scale backing | Residential focus only |
Pricing at a Glance
| Service | Indicative Fee |
| Full management | Approx. 10–15% of rent (varies by branch) |
Best Fit For
Landlords with regional residential portfolios who want local branch service backed by national scale.
10. Winkworth
Winkworth is one of the oldest names in UK property, with a franchise network of local offices offering residential management across the country. Its long history and personal, office-level approach appeal to landlords who value a known local team.
The firm covers inspections, maintenance, tenant communication, and rent collection through its network.
Firm Fast Facts
| Detail | Information |
| Founder | Henry Winkworth |
| Established | 1835 |
| Headquarters | London, UK (franchise network) |
| Team size | 100+ offices across the UK |
| Focus | Local-market residential management |
Service in Action
Winkworth manages residential portfolios through independently run local offices. Each office handles property inspections, maintenance, tenant communication, and rent collection for landlords in its area.
The franchise model gives landlords a local team with genuine market knowledge, backed by a long-established national brand.
Local Office Service
Independently run offices give landlords a personal relationship with a team that knows their local market well.
Long-Standing Reputation
Nearly two centuries of history give Winkworth a level of market trust that few residential names can claim.
Full Residential Management
Inspections, maintenance, tenant communication, and rent collection are all handled, giving landlords a full residential service through their local office.
Pros and Cons
| Pros | Cons |
| Strong local presence | Service varies by franchise |
| Long-standing reputation | Residential focus only |
| Personal office relationships | Less suited to large commercial |
Pricing at a Glance
| Service | Indicative Fee |
| Full management | Approx. 12–15% of rent (varies by office) |
Best Fit For
Landlords who value a personal relationship with a known local office and full residential management under a long-established brand.
The Pearl Lemon Properties Advantage
Most firms on this list manage what you already own. Pearl Lemon Properties helps you build the portfolio in the first place, then manages it for growth. That difference is why it leads the ranking.
Here is how it compares across the factors that matter most:
| Factor | Pearl Lemon Properties | Typical Large Firm |
| Sourcing + management combined | Yes, single partner | Usually management only |
| Off-market deal access | Yes | Rare |
| Yield-led recommendations | Every deal screened on numbers | Varies |
| Reporting | Clear, consolidated | Often fragmented |
| Investor focus | Growth-first | Often maintenance-first |
| Minimum portfolio size | Flexible | High minimums common |
| Personal accountability | Direct partner relationship | Team-based, less personal |
For investors who want more than upkeep, who want a partner focused on growing returns, Pearl Lemon Properties offers a service the larger firms are not built to deliver.
Making the Right Call
Choosing a property portfolio management service comes down to matching the firm to your holdings. Institutional commercial owners are well served by CBRE, JLL, and Cushman & Wakefield. Prime residential owners will find Knight Frank hard to beat. Regional and London landlords have strong options in Hunters, Foxtons, and Winkworth, while Savills covers large mixed-asset portfolios with depth few match.
For investors who want to grow a portfolio rather than simply hold one, Pearl Lemon Properties stands apart. Its combination of yield-led sourcing, off-market access, and hands-on management gives ambitious investors a single partner across the whole journey.
Whatever your scale, the right management partner protects your assets, keeps you compliant, and grows your returns. The wrong one quietly costs you both.
One last point worth making: the cheapest management fee is rarely the cheapest outcome. A firm charging two percent less but running a loose arrears process, or missing a compliance deadline, can wipe out that saving many times over in a single quarter. Judge a partner on the full picture, service depth, reporting, arrears control, and fit, not on the headline rate alone. That is how serious investors protect their margins over the long term.
Frequently Asked Questions
Do you integrate with my existing systems, such as accounting or CRM software?
Yes, reporting and financial data can be shared in formats that fit your existing accounting and management systems.
How do you handle regulatory compliance across a portfolio?
Safety certificates, licensing, and legal deadlines are tracked centrally so every property stays compliant without you managing it.
What does your reporting look like?
You receive consolidated reports showing income, costs, arrears, and yield across every property in one clear view.
Can you scale with my portfolio as it grows?
Yes, new acquisitions are absorbed into the same management relationship without adding to your workload.
How customisable is your service?
Service levels flex from full management to specific tasks, priced to match what your portfolio actually needs.
How quickly can you take over management of my properties?
Onboarding timelines depend on portfolio size, but most transitions are completed within a few weeks.
How do you measure performance?
Performance is tracked through clear KPIs including yield, arrears rate, void periods, and tenant retention.
Do you work with international investors?
Yes, both UK-based and international investors are supported, including guidance on local market conditions.
What is your typical arrears rate?
Arrears are kept low through tight collection and escalation processes, protecting your rental income.
How is pricing structured?
Pricing uses retainer or percentage-of-rent models, quoted transparently against your portfolio size and service level.
Ready to Grow Your Portfolio
Your portfolio deserves a management partner that protects its value and grows its returns. Pearl Lemon Properties brings sourcing, management, and clear reporting together under one accountable team, built around your investment goals.
Book a consultation with Pearl Lemon Properties today, and let us map the path to a stronger, more profitable portfolio.
